B. Wessling
Dissipative structure formation in colloidal systems
| Adv. Mater., 5 (1993) 300 - 305 | see also "Scanning Tunneling Microscopy on colloidal Polyaniline" |
The consequences of the new non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory* are discussed for phenomena in various different colloidal systems. The conflict of experimental results with topological equilibrium theories is highlighted. Special hints are given regarding the areas of
Nonlinear dependence of the viscosity of a polymeric compound on the carbon-black content (crystalline polystyrene with carbon-black printex XE-2).
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- impact modification
- and structures of microemulsions
Schematic picture of a structural element of the bicontinuous monolayer in a microemulsion [11].
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It is concluded that all colloidal systems - regardless whether they are based on solvents, water, oil, or polymers - can only be formed by an overcritical energy input (cf here. *) and are then self-organizing to an unlimited variety of highly complex structures. These are responsible for the interesting properties of colloidal systems, including gelation, conductivity, viscosity and many others.
*recent and improved form: B. Wessling, Z. Phys. Chem, 191, 119- 135 (1995)
